Is the following possible:

Connecting dialectic mic to pd like that one or that one (does it need to pass through arduino? how can I first convert the analog signal to digital signal?

After receiving the signal in pd - is it possible to analyze the signal based on frequency and/or intensity ? so if the signal is at bandwidth x (between range of frequencies) it will trigger audio file x, if the signal is in bandwidth y it will trigger audio file y and so on

Is the above possible?

Thanks for any advising

@KMETE I think a usb microphone would be easier, probably cheaper as you would only buy one, more useful long term, and that it might be good that it can be placed away from the RPI if necessary.
Currently the recommended Vanilla object for audio analysis is [Sigmund~] which outputs pitch and amplitude continuously (amongst other things.... !)
David.

USb Mic like this one?

I Will look into [sigmund~] asap! Thanks

How far I could run those type of mic? 50 meter is possible?

@KMETE Only about 5M for USB.
If your soundcard has a microphone input then you could use an analogue microphone up to probably 100M.
David.