Are there Pd Objects for vector translations? Do you mean a matrix translation? What's the diff?
For the unitiated: Vectors used by graphics software are usually 3-dimensional datatypes which describe location as a coordinate vector(that's the XYZ ), or a euclidean vector: usually represents acceleration, velocity or somesuch. There is sadly no 'vanilla' public vector object in Pd(that I've found), making 'from scratch' particle generators and physics impossible.
I'm no linear algebra ringer, so please correct me if you can.
I'm assuming that the rotation and translation objects in GEM are essentially matrix math objects, affecting the current location vector of the Gl chain (the GEM chain, basically). When you create an instance of [translateXYZ x y z], you are applying a translation matrix:
1 0 0 x
0 1 0 y
0 0 1 z
0 0 1 1
Check it out on wikipedia for all the hairy details.